Consider the following statements regarding marriage rules and the Gotra system in the Later Vedic period: 1. Gotra exogamy (prohibiting marriage within the same Gotra) became a rigid social rule to prevent incest and consolidate clan alliances. 2. Anuloma marriage (a man of higher Varna marrying a woman of lower Varna) was strictly prohibited, while Pratiloma marriage was highly encouraged. 3. The concept of 'Sapinda' exogamy emerged alongside Gotra exogamy to restrict marriage within close maternal and paternal kin. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Options:

• A: 1 and 3 only
• B: 2 and 3 only
• C: 1 and 2 only
• D: 1, 2 and 3

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